SULTAN ALAUDDIN RIAYAT SHAH II 1528-1564 - KUPANG JOHOR

Ancient Coin : Sultan Alaudin Riayat Shah II - Johor Sultanate ( 1528 - 1564CE) This is a gold coin from Sultan Alaudin Riayat Shah era. He was the son of the last Malacca Sultan, Sultan Mahmud Shah who fled from Malacca after the invasion of Portugese. He became the first ruler of Johor Empire in 1527CE.he set up his capital at Johor Lama situated on the Johor river. He promoted foreign trade and was able to attract a fair amount of commerce. However Johor was captured by Acheh in 1564CE and became its vassal state until the collapse of the Acheh Empire in 1641CE. Octagonal gold coin ( kupang) under the rule of Johor Sultan Alaudin Riayat Shah II ( 1528-1564AD). Obv: Sultan Alaudin Rev: Khalifatul Mukmin weight : 0.53gm Dim : 12mm Rarity : RR ( ref SS2) Posted by HAJI MOHAMMAD RANI Labels: Ancient coins, antiquity, Coins from Johor 3 Variety Alauddin Riayat Shah II Sultan of Johor Reign Sultan of Johor (1528–1564) Coronation 1528 Died 1564 Place of death Acheh Predecessor Sultan Mahmud Shah (Malacca) Successor Sultan Muzaffar II Shah. Consort Princess Kesuma Dewi Issue Sultan Muzaffar II Shah. Father Sultan Mahmud Shah (Malacca) Mother Tun Fatimah Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II was the first Sultan of Johor. He ruled Johor from 1528 to 1564. He founded the Johor Sultanate following the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese in 1511. He was the second son of Mahmud Shah of Malacca. Thus, Johor was a successor state of Malacca and Johor's sultans follow the numbering system of Malacca. Throughout his reign, he faced constant threats from the Portuguese as well as the emerging Aceh Sultanate.[1] In 1529, Alauddin Riayat founded his first capital in Hujung Tanah, known as Pekan Tua, 11 km upriver from Kota Tinggi, following the death of his father. A river fort, Kota Kara was also founded down the river. In 1535, about 400 Portuguese troops led by Estavao da Gama invaded Johor. Kota Kara was bombarded but the Malays withstood the attack. After a few days, Portuguese troops landed and bombarded the fort but they also had to retreat. Their morale boosted by this initial success, the Malays left their fort and launched a counter-attack on the Portuguese. However, the Malays were scattered by the crossfire of the Portuguese which resulted in the capturing of the fort and its burning by the Portuguese. Alauddin Riayat retreated upstream the Johor River to Sayong Pinang. His official, Seri Nara Diraja, died in Sayong Pinang. Alauddin Riayat returned to Pekan Tua after a short period and rebuilt it. Pekan Tua was attacked by 400 Portuguese troops under Estêvão da Gama again because his brother, Paulo da Gama, and about 30 other Portuguese troops were killed by Malays. Following this attack, a peace treaty was signed between Johor and the Portuguese. In 1540, Alauddin Riayat Shah moved his capital to Johor Lama, which is closer to the estuary of Johor River. Johor was also threatened by Aceh, on the northern tip of Sumatra. In 1539, Aru, Johor's vassal state on the east coast of Sumatra, was attacked by a fleet of 160 ships with 12,000 soldiers, being Acehnese, Malaccan Malays,| Malabaris, Gujeratis, and Turkish. Alauddin Riayat gathered a fleet with aid from his allies, Perak and Siak, and attacked Aru in 1540. He reconquered Aru, leaving only 14 Acehnese ships afloat and thousands of Acehnese troops dead. The battle was called, Battle of Sungai Paneh, which was the most glorious Malay victory since they were defeated in Malacca. In 1564, the Sultan of Aceh, Alauddin al-Qahar, defeated Aru and expulsed the Johoreans from Aru. The sultan of Aceh, then, launched an attack on Johor Lama from Aru. The fort and town was leveled and Alauddin Riayat was captured and brought back to Aceh. He was later killed and was given the posthumous title, Marhum Syahid di Acheh. He was succeeded by his son, Muzaffar Shah II. Personal life He married Princess Kesuma Dewi of Pahang, the daughter of Mansur Shah of Pahang.